2025 |
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| 75. | Böhringer, AC; Constanze, CC; Burghaus, M; Merzendorfer, H A G-protein coupled receptor is involved in the DUOX pathway in Tribolium castaneum Artikel Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol., S. in press, 2025. @article{Böhringer2025, title = {A G-protein coupled receptor is involved in the DUOX pathway in Tribolium castaneum}, author = {AC Böhringer and CC Constanze and M Burghaus and H Merzendorfer}, year = {2025}, date = {2025-03-31}, journal = {Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.}, pages = {in press}, abstract = {Activation of the dual oxidase (DUOX) pathway is an important intestinal defense mechanism against enteric infection triggering the formation of radical oxygen species by stimulating DUOX enzyme activity and/or gene expression. In insects, several studies have suggested that uracil released by pathogenic bacteria functions as a major trigger molecule for the activation of DUOX, which leads to the formation of antimicrobial hypochlorous acid (HOCl). While the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns of microbes by pattern recognition receptors is well understood, the detection of uracil is still elusive. It has been postulated that a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) binds the pyrimidine uracil, which activates PLCβ signalling and further downstream events. So far, no pyrimidinergic receptor has been identified in insects, particularly none that binds uracil nucleotides or sugar derivatives. To identify potential candidates for insect pyrimidine receptors, we used a human P2Y4 receptor as a template to screen the Tribolium castaneum reference proteome. Four promising receptor candidates were identified, of which two were analyzed using RNA interference to determine their influence on uracil-induced TcDUOX expression, HOCl formation and development in control larvae and larvae that were challenged with the enteric pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. Silencing TcGPCR41 resulted in a loss of uracil-induced TcDUOX expression and HOCl formation. Furthermore, the development of challenged larvae was affected in a manner like that observed in a TcDUOX knockdown. We conclude that the identified receptor may play a role in the uracil-dependent activation of the DUOX-pathways.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Activation of the dual oxidase (DUOX) pathway is an important intestinal defense mechanism against enteric infection triggering the formation of radical oxygen species by stimulating DUOX enzyme activity and/or gene expression. In insects, several studies have suggested that uracil released by pathogenic bacteria functions as a major trigger molecule for the activation of DUOX, which leads to the formation of antimicrobial hypochlorous acid (HOCl). While the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns of microbes by pattern recognition receptors is well understood, the detection of uracil is still elusive. It has been postulated that a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) binds the pyrimidine uracil, which activates PLCβ signalling and further downstream events. So far, no pyrimidinergic receptor has been identified in insects, particularly none that binds uracil nucleotides or sugar derivatives. To identify potential candidates for insect pyrimidine receptors, we used a human P2Y4 receptor as a template to screen the Tribolium castaneum reference proteome. Four promising receptor candidates were identified, of which two were analyzed using RNA interference to determine their influence on uracil-induced TcDUOX expression, HOCl formation and development in control larvae and larvae that were challenged with the enteric pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis. Silencing TcGPCR41 resulted in a loss of uracil-induced TcDUOX expression and HOCl formation. Furthermore, the development of challenged larvae was affected in a manner like that observed in a TcDUOX knockdown. We conclude that the identified receptor may play a role in the uracil-dependent activation of the DUOX-pathways. |
| 74. | Merzendorfer, H Hemolymph: a fluid tissue with versatile functions Buchkapitel mit eigenem Titel Moussian, B (Hrsg.): Insect Anatomy , S. in press, Elsevier, 2025. @incollection{Merzendorfer2025, title = {Hemolymph: a fluid tissue with versatile functions}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, editor = {B Moussian}, year = {2025}, date = {2025-03-31}, booktitle = {Insect Anatomy }, pages = {in press}, publisher = {Elsevier}, chapter = {Chapter 1}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {incollection} } |
| 73. | Merzendorfer, H Campbell Biologie Buchkapitel Geplante Veröffentlichung Campbell, LA Urry ML Cain SA Wasserman PV Minorsky RB Orr NA (Hrsg.): Kapitel 42-45, S. 1824, Pearson, 12, Geplante Veröffentlichung, ISBN: 978-3-86894-451-8. @inbook{Merzendorfer2025b, title = {Campbell Biologie}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, editor = {LA Urry ML Cain SA Wasserman PV Minorsky RB Orr NA Campbell}, isbn = {978-3-86894-451-8}, year = {2025}, date = {2025-03-31}, pages = {1824}, publisher = {Pearson}, edition = {12}, chapter = {42-45}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {forthcoming}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
| 72. | El-Awaad, Ehab; Merzendorfer, Hans CRISPR/Cas: An emerging molecular technology for biological control of fall armyworm Artikel New Plant Protection, 2 (1), S. e26, 2025. @article{https://doi.org/10.1002/npp2.26, title = {CRISPR/Cas: An emerging molecular technology for biological control of fall armyworm}, author = {Ehab El-Awaad and Hans Merzendorfer}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/npp2.26}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/npp2.26}, year = {2025}, date = {2025-01-01}, journal = {New Plant Protection}, volume = {2}, number = {1}, pages = {e26}, abstract = {Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a highly invasive pest that poses severe threats to food crop production worldwide. Several methods have been applied to control fall armyworm infestations, including egg parasitoids, chemical insecticides, and transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. However, the currently available control methods are either poorly effective or facing challenges such as resistance development and environmental concerns. The rapidly evolving molecular tools of genetic engineering, particularly clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas), have been increasingly utilized in recent years in attempts to develop novel pest management strategies and genetically resistant crops. CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing offers a precise and efficient molecular tool that has been used successfully in several functional genomic studies of the fall armyworm over the last few years. In this review, we summarize recent progress in using CRISPR/Cas for precise genome editing of the fall armyworm, enabling the targeted modification of key genes essential for the survival and propagation of the pest. The potential of the CRISPR/Cas system to develop insect-resistant crops and pest management approaches that can be integrated into the current management strategies of the pest is discussed.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Abstract The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a highly invasive pest that poses severe threats to food crop production worldwide. Several methods have been applied to control fall armyworm infestations, including egg parasitoids, chemical insecticides, and transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. However, the currently available control methods are either poorly effective or facing challenges such as resistance development and environmental concerns. The rapidly evolving molecular tools of genetic engineering, particularly clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas), have been increasingly utilized in recent years in attempts to develop novel pest management strategies and genetically resistant crops. CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing offers a precise and efficient molecular tool that has been used successfully in several functional genomic studies of the fall armyworm over the last few years. In this review, we summarize recent progress in using CRISPR/Cas for precise genome editing of the fall armyworm, enabling the targeted modification of key genes essential for the survival and propagation of the pest. The potential of the CRISPR/Cas system to develop insect-resistant crops and pest management approaches that can be integrated into the current management strategies of the pest is discussed. |
2024 |
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| 71. | Yu, A; Beck, M; Merzendorfer, H; Yang, Q Advances in understanding insect chitin biosynthesis Artikel Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 164 , S. 104058, 2024, ISSN: 0965-1748. @article{RN14439, title = {Advances in understanding insect chitin biosynthesis}, author = {A Yu and M Beck and H Merzendorfer and Q Yang}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104058}, issn = {0965-1748}, year = {2024}, date = {2024-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {164}, pages = {104058}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2023 |
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| 70. | Zhao, Y; Liu, W; Zhao, X; Yu, Z; Guo, H; Yang, Y; Merzendorfer, H; Zhang, J J Integr Agric, in press, 2023. @article{J2023b, title = {Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2) is required for lipid export in the midgut of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria}, author = {Y Zhao and W Liu and X Zhao and Z Yu and H Guo and Y Yang and H Merzendorfer and J Zhang}, editor = {CAAS}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-06-29}, journal = {J Integr Agric, in press}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 69. | Wellmeyer, B; Böhringer, A C; Rösner, J; Merzendorfer, H Analyses of ecdysteroid transporters in the fat body of Tribolium castaneum Artikel Insect Mol Biol, 2023, ISSN: 0962-1075. @article{RN13761, title = {Analyses of ecdysteroid transporters in the fat body of Tribolium castaneum}, author = {B Wellmeyer and A C Böhringer and J Rösner and H Merzendorfer}, doi = {10.1111/imb.12839}, issn = {0962-1075}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {Insect Mol Biol}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 68. | Böhringer, A C; Deters, L; Windfelder, A G; Merzendorfer, H Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 163 , S. 104029, 2023, ISSN: 0965-1748. @article{RN14440, title = {Dextran sulfate sodium and uracil induce inflammatory effects and disrupt the chitinous peritrophic matrix in the midgut of Tribolium castaneum}, author = {A C Böhringer and L Deters and A G Windfelder and H Merzendorfer}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.104029}, issn = {0965-1748}, year = {2023}, date = {2023-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {163}, pages = {104029}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2022 |
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| 67. | Windfelder, A G; Müller, F H H; Larney, Mc B; Hentschel, M; Böhringer, A C; von Bredow, C R; Leinberger, F H; Kampschulte, M; Maier, L; von Bredow, Y M; Flocke, V; Merzendorfer, H; Krombach, G A; Vilcinskas, A; Grimm, J; Trenczek, T E; Flögel, U Nat Commun, 13 (1), S. 7216, 2022, ISSN: 2041-1723. @article{RN14335, title = {High-throughput screening of caterpillars as a platform to study host-microbe interactions and enteric immunity}, author = {A G Windfelder and F H H Müller and B Mc Larney and M Hentschel and A C Böhringer and C R von Bredow and F H Leinberger and M Kampschulte and L Maier and Y M von Bredow and V Flocke and H Merzendorfer and G A Krombach and A Vilcinskas and J Grimm and T E Trenczek and U Flögel}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-34865-7}, issn = {2041-1723}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-12-01}, journal = {Nat Commun}, volume = {13}, number = {1}, pages = {7216}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 66. | Gao, Lu; Wang, Yanli; Abbas, Mureed; Zhang, Tingting; Ma, Enbo; Merzendorfer, Hans; Zhu, Kun Yan; Zhang, Jianzhen Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, S. 103865, 2022, ISSN: 0965-1748. @article{GAO2022103865, title = {Both LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2s participate in siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway and contribute to high gene silencing efficiency in Locusta migratoria}, author = {Lu Gao and Yanli Wang and Mureed Abbas and Tingting Zhang and Enbo Ma and Hans Merzendorfer and Kun Yan Zhu and Jianzhen Zhang}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965174822001473}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103865}, issn = {0965-1748}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-11-01}, journal = {Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology}, pages = {103865}, abstract = {Dicers belong to a class of large RNase III multidomain ribonucleases and are central components of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways. In insects, Dicer-2 has been known to cleave long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated-RNAi pathway. However, Dicer-1 is responsible for cleaving precursor microRNAs (pre28 miRNAs) in miRNA-mediated RNAi pathway. In this study, we identified one LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2 (LmDicer-2a and LmDicer-2b) genes in Locusta migratoria. The RNAi of RNAi assay showed that knockdown of each of the Dicer genes reduced RNAi efficiency against a target gene (Lmβ-Tubulin), suggesting that all these genes participated in the siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway. Sequence analyses of the siRNAs generated from dsLmβ-Tubulin after silencing each LmDicer gene showed no significant difference in the pattern of siRNAs mapped to dsLmβ-Tubulin. This result indicated that all the three LmDicers are capable of generating siRNAs from the dsRNA. We then generated recombinant proteins consisting of different domains using Escherichia coli expression system and incubated each recombinant protein with dsLmβ-Tubulin. We found that the recombinant Dicer proteins successfully cleaved dsLmβ-Tubulin. However, LmDicer-2a-R lacking dsRBD domain lost activity, suggesting that dsRBD domain is critical for Dicer function. Furthermore, overexpression of these proteins in Drosophila S2 cells improved RNAi efficiency. Our siRNA affinity chromatography and LC-MS/MS analysis identified LmDicer-2a, LmDicer-2b, LmR2D2, LmAgo2a, LmAgo1, LmStaufen and LmTARBP2 as constituents of RNA-induced silencing complex. Taken together, these data show that both LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2s all participate in siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway and likely contribute to high RNAi efficiency in L. migratoria.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Dicers belong to a class of large RNase III multidomain ribonucleases and are central components of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathways. In insects, Dicer-2 has been known to cleave long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated-RNAi pathway. However, Dicer-1 is responsible for cleaving precursor microRNAs (pre28 miRNAs) in miRNA-mediated RNAi pathway. In this study, we identified one LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2 (LmDicer-2a and LmDicer-2b) genes in Locusta migratoria. The RNAi of RNAi assay showed that knockdown of each of the Dicer genes reduced RNAi efficiency against a target gene (Lmβ-Tubulin), suggesting that all these genes participated in the siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway. Sequence analyses of the siRNAs generated from dsLmβ-Tubulin after silencing each LmDicer gene showed no significant difference in the pattern of siRNAs mapped to dsLmβ-Tubulin. This result indicated that all the three LmDicers are capable of generating siRNAs from the dsRNA. We then generated recombinant proteins consisting of different domains using Escherichia coli expression system and incubated each recombinant protein with dsLmβ-Tubulin. We found that the recombinant Dicer proteins successfully cleaved dsLmβ-Tubulin. However, LmDicer-2a-R lacking dsRBD domain lost activity, suggesting that dsRBD domain is critical for Dicer function. Furthermore, overexpression of these proteins in Drosophila S2 cells improved RNAi efficiency. Our siRNA affinity chromatography and LC-MS/MS analysis identified LmDicer-2a, LmDicer-2b, LmR2D2, LmAgo2a, LmAgo1, LmStaufen and LmTARBP2 as constituents of RNA-induced silencing complex. Taken together, these data show that both LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2s all participate in siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway and likely contribute to high RNAi efficiency in L. migratoria. |
| 65. | Chen, Wei; Cao, Peng; Liu, Yuansheng; Yu, Ailing; Wang, Dong; Chen, Lei; Sundarraj, Rajamanikandan; Yuchi, Zhiguang; Gong, Yong; Merzendorfer, Hans; Yang, Qing Structural basis for directional chitin biosynthesis Artikel Nature, 2022, ISSN: 1476-4687. @article{RN14238, title = {Structural basis for directional chitin biosynthesis}, author = {Wei Chen and Peng Cao and Yuansheng Liu and Ailing Yu and Dong Wang and Lei Chen and Rajamanikandan Sundarraj and Zhiguang Yuchi and Yong Gong and Hans Merzendorfer and Qing Yang}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05244-5}, doi = {10.1038/s41586-022-05244-5}, issn = {1476-4687}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-09-22}, journal = {Nature}, abstract = {Chitin, the most abundant aminopolysaccharide in nature, is an extracellular polymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) units1. The key reactions of chitin biosynthesis are catalysed by chitin synthase2–4, a membrane-integrated glycosyltransferase that transfers GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to a growing chitin chain. However, the precise mechanism of this process has yet to be elucidated. Here we report five cryo-electron microscopy structures of a chitin synthase from the devastating soybean root rot pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora sojae (PsChs1). They represent the apo, GlcNAc-bound, nascent chitin oligomer-bound, UDP-bound (post-synthesis) and chitin synthase inhibitor nikkomycin Z-bound states of the enzyme, providing detailed views into the multiple steps of chitin biosynthesis and its competitive inhibition. The structures reveal the chitin synthesis reaction chamber that has the substrate-binding site, the catalytic centre and the entrance to the polymer-translocating channel that allows the product polymer to be discharged. This arrangement reflects consecutive key events in chitin biosynthesis from UDP-GlcNAc binding and polymer elongation to the release of the product. We identified a swinging loop within the chitin-translocating channel, which acts as a ‘gate lock’ that prevents the substrate from leaving while directing the product polymer into the translocating channel for discharge to the extracellular side of the cell membrane. This work reveals the directional multistep mechanism of chitin biosynthesis and provides a structural basis for inhibition of chitin synthesis.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Chitin, the most abundant aminopolysaccharide in nature, is an extracellular polymer consisting of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) units1. The key reactions of chitin biosynthesis are catalysed by chitin synthase2–4, a membrane-integrated glycosyltransferase that transfers GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to a growing chitin chain. However, the precise mechanism of this process has yet to be elucidated. Here we report five cryo-electron microscopy structures of a chitin synthase from the devastating soybean root rot pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora sojae (PsChs1). They represent the apo, GlcNAc-bound, nascent chitin oligomer-bound, UDP-bound (post-synthesis) and chitin synthase inhibitor nikkomycin Z-bound states of the enzyme, providing detailed views into the multiple steps of chitin biosynthesis and its competitive inhibition. The structures reveal the chitin synthesis reaction chamber that has the substrate-binding site, the catalytic centre and the entrance to the polymer-translocating channel that allows the product polymer to be discharged. This arrangement reflects consecutive key events in chitin biosynthesis from UDP-GlcNAc binding and polymer elongation to the release of the product. We identified a swinging loop within the chitin-translocating channel, which acts as a ‘gate lock’ that prevents the substrate from leaving while directing the product polymer into the translocating channel for discharge to the extracellular side of the cell membrane. This work reveals the directional multistep mechanism of chitin biosynthesis and provides a structural basis for inhibition of chitin synthesis. |
| 64. | Chen, J; Zou, X; Zhu, W; Duan, Y; Merzendorfer, H; Zhao, Z; Yang, Q Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 149 , S. 103845, 2022, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN1, title = {Fatty acid binding protein is required for chitin biosynthesis in the wing of Drosophila melanogaster}, author = {J Chen and X Zou and W Zhu and Y Duan and H Merzendorfer and Z Zhao and Q Yang}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36165873}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103845}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-09-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {149}, pages = {103845}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 63. | Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam; Arakane, Yasuyuki; Noh, Mi Young; Mun, Seulgi; Merzendorfer, Hans; Boehringer, Christina; Wellmeyer, Benedikt; Yang, Qing; Qu, Mingbo; Liu, Lin Chitin in insect cuticle Artikel Adv. Insect Physiol., in press., 2022, ISSN: 0065-2806. @article{Liu2022, title = {Chitin in insect cuticle}, author = {Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan and Yasuyuki Arakane and Mi Young Noh and Seulgi Mun and Hans Merzendorfer and Christina Boehringer and Benedikt Wellmeyer and Qing Yang and Mingbo Qu and Lin Liu}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiip.2022.03.001}, doi = {10.1016/bs.aiip.2022.03.001}, issn = {0065-2806}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-04-29}, journal = {Adv. Insect Physiol., in press.}, abstract = {Chitin, a linear structural polysaccharide is a major constituent of insect procuticle. Chitin is embedded in a complex matrix of proteins, which contributes significantly to the physicochemical and physiological properties of the cuticle. The wide range of properties of individual cuticles at specific anatomical locations and developmental stages is attributable to difference in chitin/protein ratio, protein composition of the matrix, cross-linking, presence of minerals and the degree of dehydration. The epidermal cells that underlie the cuticle orchestrate the timing of appearance of individual layers of the cuticle and its composition and organization. This process is particularly important during molting, when the old cuticle is replaced by a new one. Molting fluid contains an assortment of enzymes that deproteinize the cuticular matrix to expose the chitin crystallites to chitinolytic enzymes. A variety of enzymes of chitin metabolism participate in the synthesis, modification, and turnover of cuticular components and in cross-linking and tanning of proteins. Chemical inhibitors and RNA interference strategies targeted against the chitin metabolic enzymes and cuticular proteins represent specific and effective strategies for insect control.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Chitin, a linear structural polysaccharide is a major constituent of insect procuticle. Chitin is embedded in a complex matrix of proteins, which contributes significantly to the physicochemical and physiological properties of the cuticle. The wide range of properties of individual cuticles at specific anatomical locations and developmental stages is attributable to difference in chitin/protein ratio, protein composition of the matrix, cross-linking, presence of minerals and the degree of dehydration. The epidermal cells that underlie the cuticle orchestrate the timing of appearance of individual layers of the cuticle and its composition and organization. This process is particularly important during molting, when the old cuticle is replaced by a new one. Molting fluid contains an assortment of enzymes that deproteinize the cuticular matrix to expose the chitin crystallites to chitinolytic enzymes. A variety of enzymes of chitin metabolism participate in the synthesis, modification, and turnover of cuticular components and in cross-linking and tanning of proteins. Chemical inhibitors and RNA interference strategies targeted against the chitin metabolic enzymes and cuticular proteins represent specific and effective strategies for insect control. |
| 62. | Shi, XK; Li, S; and Lin, Y; Liu, XJ; Merzendorfer, H; Zhu, KY; Zhang, JZ Clathrin heavy chain is essential for the development and reproduction of Locusta migratoria Artikel Insect Science, in press., 2022. @article{Shi2022b, title = {Clathrin heavy chain is essential for the development and reproduction of Locusta migratoria}, author = {XK Shi and S Li and and Y Lin and XJ Liu and H Merzendorfer and KY Zhu and JZ Zhang}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-03-01}, journal = {Insect Science, in press.}, abstract = {Clathrin heavy chain (Chc) is a constituent of clathrin-coated vesicles and serves important functions in endocytosis and intracellular membrane trafficking but appears to have physiological roles also at the organismal level. Most of what we know about Chc functions originates from studies performed in fungal or vertebrate cells. However, the physiological functions of Chc in insects remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a Chc ortholog from a Locusta migratoria transcriptome database. RT-qPCR revealed that LmChc was constitutively expressed in fifth-instar nymphs. In this developmental stage, LmChc showed the highest expression in the ovary followed by hemolymph, testis, hindgut, midgut and foregut. In isolated hemocytes, we detected the Chc protein in patches at the plasma membrane. To examine the role of LmChc in L. migratoria during development, RNA interference was performed by injecting dsRNA into the early fifth-instar nymphs. Silencing of LmChc caused a lethal phenotype with molting defect from nymph to adult. In addition, silencing of LmChc resulted in abnormal development of the ovaries, the size of which was significantly smaller than that in controls. Taken together, our results suggest that LmChc is a vital gene in L. migratoria that plays an important role in growth, development and reproduction. LmChc may be used as an efficient RNAi target gene for developing dsRNA-based biological insecticides to manage insect pests.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Clathrin heavy chain (Chc) is a constituent of clathrin-coated vesicles and serves important functions in endocytosis and intracellular membrane trafficking but appears to have physiological roles also at the organismal level. Most of what we know about Chc functions originates from studies performed in fungal or vertebrate cells. However, the physiological functions of Chc in insects remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a Chc ortholog from a Locusta migratoria transcriptome database. RT-qPCR revealed that LmChc was constitutively expressed in fifth-instar nymphs. In this developmental stage, LmChc showed the highest expression in the ovary followed by hemolymph, testis, hindgut, midgut and foregut. In isolated hemocytes, we detected the Chc protein in patches at the plasma membrane. To examine the role of LmChc in L. migratoria during development, RNA interference was performed by injecting dsRNA into the early fifth-instar nymphs. Silencing of LmChc caused a lethal phenotype with molting defect from nymph to adult. In addition, silencing of LmChc resulted in abnormal development of the ovaries, the size of which was significantly smaller than that in controls. Taken together, our results suggest that LmChc is a vital gene in L. migratoria that plays an important role in growth, development and reproduction. LmChc may be used as an efficient RNAi target gene for developing dsRNA-based biological insecticides to manage insect pests. |
| 61. | Liu, XJ; Liang, XY; Guo, J; Shi, XK; Merzendorfer, H; Zhu, KY; Zhang, JZ V-ATPase subunit a is required for survival and midgut development of Locusta migratoria Artikel Insect Mol Biol. https://doi.10.1111/imb.12738, 31 , S. 60-72, 2022. @article{XJ2021, title = {V-ATPase subunit a is required for survival and midgut development of Locusta migratoria}, author = { XJ Liu and XY Liang and J Guo and XK Shi and H Merzendorfer and KY Zhu and JZ Zhang}, doi = { doi: 10.1111/imb.12738}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-02-01}, journal = {Insect Mol Biol. https://doi.10.1111/imb.12738}, volume = {31}, pages = {60-72}, abstract = {The vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) is an ATP-dependent proton pump, which regulates various cellular processes. To date, most functional studies on V-ATPases of insects have focused on subunits of the V1 complex, and there is little information on the VO genes. In this study, two cDNA sequences of LmV-ATPase a were identified in Locusta migratoria. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that LmV-ATPase a1 and LmV-ATPase a2 are differentially expressed in various tissues and developmental stages. Injection of dsRNA for the common region of LmV-ATPase a1 and LmV-ATPase a2 into third-instar nymphs resulted in a significant suppression of LmV-ATPase a. The injected nymphs ceased feeding, lost body weight and finally died at a mortality of 98.6%. Furthermore, aberrations of midgut epithelial cells, the accumulation of electron-lucent vesicles in the cytoplasm, and a partially damaged brush border were observed in dsLmV-ATPase a-injected nymphs using transmission electron microscopy. Especially, the mRNA level of wingles, and notch genes were dramatically down-regulated in the dsLmV-ATPase a-injected nymphs. Taken together, our results suggest that LmV-ATPase a is required for survival and midgut development of L. migratoria. Hence, this gene could be a good target for RNAi-based control against locusts. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) is an ATP-dependent proton pump, which regulates various cellular processes. To date, most functional studies on V-ATPases of insects have focused on subunits of the V1 complex, and there is little information on the VO genes. In this study, two cDNA sequences of LmV-ATPase a were identified in Locusta migratoria. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that LmV-ATPase a1 and LmV-ATPase a2 are differentially expressed in various tissues and developmental stages. Injection of dsRNA for the common region of LmV-ATPase a1 and LmV-ATPase a2 into third-instar nymphs resulted in a significant suppression of LmV-ATPase a. The injected nymphs ceased feeding, lost body weight and finally died at a mortality of 98.6%. Furthermore, aberrations of midgut epithelial cells, the accumulation of electron-lucent vesicles in the cytoplasm, and a partially damaged brush border were observed in dsLmV-ATPase a-injected nymphs using transmission electron microscopy. Especially, the mRNA level of wingles, and notch genes were dramatically down-regulated in the dsLmV-ATPase a-injected nymphs. Taken together, our results suggest that LmV-ATPase a is required for survival and midgut development of L. migratoria. Hence, this gene could be a good target for RNAi-based control against locusts. |
| 60. | Rösner, J; Merzendorfer, H Insect Sci, 29 (4), S. 1096-1104, 2022, ISSN: 1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking). @article{RN7b, title = {Identification of two ABCC transporters involved in malathion detoxification in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum}, author = {J Rösner and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34730283}, doi = {10.1111/1744-7917.12981}, issn = {1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking)}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {Insect Sci}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {1096-1104}, abstract = {ABC transporters have been suggested to be involved in insecticide detoxification in different insect species mainly based on the indirect observation of transcriptional upregulation of ABC gene expression in response to insecticide exposure. Previous studies performed by us and others in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, have analyzed the function of TcABCA-C and TcABCG-H genes using RNA interference (RNAi) and demonstrated that specific TcABCA and TcABCC genes are involved in the elimination of the pyrethroid tefluthrin and the benzoylurea diflubenzuron, because gene silencing increased the beetle's susceptibility to the insecticides. In this study, we focused on the potential functions of TcABCA-C genes in detoxification of the pyrethroid cyfluthrin (CF), the organophosphate malathion (MAL) and the diacylhdyazine tebufenozide (TBF). Analysis of transcript levels of selected TcABCA-C genes in response to treatment with these three chemically unrelated insecticides revealed that some genes were particularly upregulated after insecticide treatment. In addition, the ABC inhibitor verapamil synergized significantly the toxicity of MAL but only negligibly CF and TBF toxicities. Finally, silencing of two TcABCC genes by RNAi revealed a significant increase in susceptibility to MAL. In contrast, we did not observe a significant increase in insecticide-induced mortalities when knocking down TcABC genes in larvae treated with CF or TBF, although they were upregulated in response to insecticide treatment. Our results suggest that two pleiotropic ABCC transporters expressed in metabolic and excretory tissues contribute to the elimination of MAL.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } ABC transporters have been suggested to be involved in insecticide detoxification in different insect species mainly based on the indirect observation of transcriptional upregulation of ABC gene expression in response to insecticide exposure. Previous studies performed by us and others in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, have analyzed the function of TcABCA-C and TcABCG-H genes using RNA interference (RNAi) and demonstrated that specific TcABCA and TcABCC genes are involved in the elimination of the pyrethroid tefluthrin and the benzoylurea diflubenzuron, because gene silencing increased the beetle's susceptibility to the insecticides. In this study, we focused on the potential functions of TcABCA-C genes in detoxification of the pyrethroid cyfluthrin (CF), the organophosphate malathion (MAL) and the diacylhdyazine tebufenozide (TBF). Analysis of transcript levels of selected TcABCA-C genes in response to treatment with these three chemically unrelated insecticides revealed that some genes were particularly upregulated after insecticide treatment. In addition, the ABC inhibitor verapamil synergized significantly the toxicity of MAL but only negligibly CF and TBF toxicities. Finally, silencing of two TcABCC genes by RNAi revealed a significant increase in susceptibility to MAL. In contrast, we did not observe a significant increase in insecticide-induced mortalities when knocking down TcABC genes in larvae treated with CF or TBF, although they were upregulated in response to insecticide treatment. Our results suggest that two pleiotropic ABCC transporters expressed in metabolic and excretory tissues contribute to the elimination of MAL. |
| 59. | Shi, Xuekai; Liu, Xiaojian; Cooper, Anastasia M W; Silver, Kristopher; Merzendorfer, Hans; Zhu, Kun Yan; Zhang, Jianzhen Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase subunit c is essential for the survival and systemic RNA interference response in Locusta migratoria Artikel Pest Manag Sci, in press, 2022. @article{Shi2022, title = {Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase subunit c is essential for the survival and systemic RNA interference response in Locusta migratoria}, author = {Xuekai Shi and Xiaojian Liu and Anastasia M.W. Cooper and Kristopher Silver and Hans Merzendorfer and Kun Yan Zhu and Jianzhen Zhang }, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {Pest Manag Sci, in press}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 58. | Duan, Yanwei; Zhu, Weixing; Zhao, Xiaoming; Merzendorfer, Hans; Chen, Jiqiang; Xu Zou and, Qing Yang Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 141 , S. 103718, 2022. @article{Duan2022, title = {Choline transporter-like protein 2 interacts with chitin synthase 1 and is involved in insect cuticle development}, author = {Yanwei Duan and Weixing Zhu and Xiaoming Zhao and Hans Merzendorfer and Jiqiang Chen and Xu Zou and, Qing Yang}, doi = { doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103718.}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {141}, pages = {103718}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 57. | Kottaipalayam-Somasundaram, Sowmiya; Jacob, John; Aiyar, Balasubramaniam; Merzendorfer, Hans; Nambiar-Veetil, Mathish Pest Manag Sci, 78 , S. 296-303, 2022. @article{Kottaipalayam-Somasundaram2021, title = {Chitin metabolism as a potential target for RNAi-based control of the forestry pest \textit{Hyblaea puera} Cramer (Lepidoptera: Hyblaeidae) }, author = {Sowmiya Kottaipalayam-Somasundaram and John Jacob and Balasubramaniam Aiyar and Hans Merzendorfer and Mathish Nambiar-Veetil}, doi = {doi: 10.1002/ps.6634}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {Pest Manag Sci}, volume = {78}, pages = {296-303}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Hyblaea puera, commonly known as the teak defoliator, is a serious pest in teak plantations. Despite the availability of control measures, this pest causes losses in yield and quality of timber through voracious feeding. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising strategy for the control of this pest. Chitin metabolism, which is vital for the growth and development of arthropods, is a potential target for developing RNAi-based insecticides. RESULTS To assess the effects of chitin metabolism inhibition, H. puera larvae were treated with a chitin synthesis inhibitor, diflubenzuron (DFB). DFB treatment caused pupal deformities and disrupted eclosion. Partial gene sequences for three key genes of H. puera chitin metabolism were cloned and sequenced: chitin synthase 1 (HpCHS1), chitinase-h (HpChi-h) and ecdysone receptor (HpEcR). Feeding dsRNA cognate for these three target genes to the first instar of H. puera resulted in mortality and reduction in the corresponding transcript levels as assessed through qRT-PCR. This is the first report of RNAi in this forestry pest. The highest mortality was 45.9%, in response to dsHpEcR treatment; HpChi-h transcripts were the most down-regulated in response to dsHpEcR feeding. DsHpEcR RNAi resulted in growth inhibition and molting arrest. The mortalities were 29.7% and 32.4% for dsHpCHS1 and dsHpChi-h feeding, respectively. CONCLUSION Chitin metabolism could be a potential target for RNAi-based control of H. puera, and HpCHS1, HpChi-h and HpEcR could be suitable target genes. However, the RNAi efficacy needs to be improved through formulations that improve stability and uptake, and employing better delivery strategies. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND Hyblaea puera, commonly known as the teak defoliator, is a serious pest in teak plantations. Despite the availability of control measures, this pest causes losses in yield and quality of timber through voracious feeding. RNA interference (RNAi) is a promising strategy for the control of this pest. Chitin metabolism, which is vital for the growth and development of arthropods, is a potential target for developing RNAi-based insecticides. RESULTS To assess the effects of chitin metabolism inhibition, H. puera larvae were treated with a chitin synthesis inhibitor, diflubenzuron (DFB). DFB treatment caused pupal deformities and disrupted eclosion. Partial gene sequences for three key genes of H. puera chitin metabolism were cloned and sequenced: chitin synthase 1 (HpCHS1), chitinase-h (HpChi-h) and ecdysone receptor (HpEcR). Feeding dsRNA cognate for these three target genes to the first instar of H. puera resulted in mortality and reduction in the corresponding transcript levels as assessed through qRT-PCR. This is the first report of RNAi in this forestry pest. The highest mortality was 45.9%, in response to dsHpEcR treatment; HpChi-h transcripts were the most down-regulated in response to dsHpEcR feeding. DsHpEcR RNAi resulted in growth inhibition and molting arrest. The mortalities were 29.7% and 32.4% for dsHpCHS1 and dsHpChi-h feeding, respectively. CONCLUSION Chitin metabolism could be a potential target for RNAi-based control of H. puera, and HpCHS1, HpChi-h and HpEcR could be suitable target genes. However, the RNAi efficacy needs to be improved through formulations that improve stability and uptake, and employing better delivery strategies. |
| 56. | Zhu, Weixing; Duan, Yanwei; Chen, Jiqiang; Merzendorfer, Hans; Zou, Xu; Yang, Qing SERCA interacts with chitin synthase and participates in cuticular chitin biogenesis in Drosophila Artikel Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 145 , S. 103783, 2022, ISSN: 0965-1748. @article{ZHU2022103783, title = {SERCA interacts with chitin synthase and participates in cuticular chitin biogenesis in Drosophila}, author = {Weixing Zhu and Yanwei Duan and Jiqiang Chen and Hans Merzendorfer and Xu Zou and Qing Yang}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965174822000650}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103783}, issn = {0965-1748}, year = {2022}, date = {2022-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology}, volume = {145}, pages = {103783}, abstract = {The biogenesis of chitin, a major structural polysaccharide found in the cuticle and peritrophic matrix, is crucial for insect growth and development. Chitin synthase, a membrane-integral β-glycosyltransferase, has been identified as the core of the chitin biogenesis machinery. However, a yet unknown number of auxiliary proteins appear to assist in chitin biosynthesis, whose precise function remains elusive. Here, we identified a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, as a chitin biogenesis-associated protein. The physical interaction between DmSERCA and epidermal chitin synthase (Krotzkopf verkehrt, Kkv) was demonstrated and analyzed using split-ubiquitin membrane yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescent complementation, pull-down, and immunoprecipitation assays. The interaction involves N-terminal regions (aa 48–81 and aa 247–33) and C-terminal regions (aa 743–783 and aa 824–859) of DmSERCA and two N-terminal regions (aa 121–179 and aa 369–539) of Kkv, all of which are predicted be transmembrane helices. While tissue-specific knock-down of DmSERCA in the epidermis caused larval and pupal lethality, the knock-down of DmSERCA in wings resulted in smaller and crinkled wings, a significant decrease in chitin deposition, and the loss of chitin lamellar structure. Although DmSERCA is well-known for its role in muscular contraction, this study reveals a novel role in chitin synthesis, contributing to our knowledge on the machinery of chitin biogenesis.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The biogenesis of chitin, a major structural polysaccharide found in the cuticle and peritrophic matrix, is crucial for insect growth and development. Chitin synthase, a membrane-integral β-glycosyltransferase, has been identified as the core of the chitin biogenesis machinery. However, a yet unknown number of auxiliary proteins appear to assist in chitin biosynthesis, whose precise function remains elusive. Here, we identified a sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, as a chitin biogenesis-associated protein. The physical interaction between DmSERCA and epidermal chitin synthase (Krotzkopf verkehrt, Kkv) was demonstrated and analyzed using split-ubiquitin membrane yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescent complementation, pull-down, and immunoprecipitation assays. The interaction involves N-terminal regions (aa 48–81 and aa 247–33) and C-terminal regions (aa 743–783 and aa 824–859) of DmSERCA and two N-terminal regions (aa 121–179 and aa 369–539) of Kkv, all of which are predicted be transmembrane helices. While tissue-specific knock-down of DmSERCA in the epidermis caused larval and pupal lethality, the knock-down of DmSERCA in wings resulted in smaller and crinkled wings, a significant decrease in chitin deposition, and the loss of chitin lamellar structure. Although DmSERCA is well-known for its role in muscular contraction, this study reveals a novel role in chitin synthesis, contributing to our knowledge on the machinery of chitin biogenesis. |
2021 |
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| 55. | Qu, Mingbo; Merzendorfer, Hans; Moussian, Bernard; Yang, Qing Bioinsecticides as future mainstream pest control agents: Opportunities and challenges Artikel Front. Agr. Sci. Eng., 404 (0), S. 1-17, 2021, ISBN: 2095-7505, (na). @article{Qu2021, title = {Bioinsecticides as future mainstream pest control agents: Opportunities and challenges}, author = {Mingbo Qu and Hans Merzendorfer and Bernard Moussian and Qing Yang}, editor = {Front J}, url = { https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2021404 }, doi = {10.15302/J-FASE-2021404 }, isbn = {2095-7505}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-06-04}, journal = {Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.}, volume = {404}, number = {0}, pages = {1-17}, abstract = {Bioinsecticides are naturally occurring substances from different sources that control insect pests. Ideal bioinsecticides should exhibit low toxicity to non-target organisms. Further, they should be easily degraded in sewage plants and natural environments, highly effective in small quantities and only affect target pests. Public concerns about possible side-effects of conventional pesticides has accelerated bioinsecticide research and development. However, to develop bioinsecticides into a mainstream product line, the high production costs, short shelflife and uncertain acting modes of many bioinsecticides need to be considered. In this review, we summarize current progress on bioinsecticides, which are categorized into three classes, i.e. biochemical insecticides and their derivatives, plant-incorparated protectants (PIPs), and microbial bioinsecticides. The shortcomings that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely applied are discussed, and the future research direction in the field is proposed.}, note = {na}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Bioinsecticides are naturally occurring substances from different sources that control insect pests. Ideal bioinsecticides should exhibit low toxicity to non-target organisms. Further, they should be easily degraded in sewage plants and natural environments, highly effective in small quantities and only affect target pests. Public concerns about possible side-effects of conventional pesticides has accelerated bioinsecticide research and development. However, to develop bioinsecticides into a mainstream product line, the high production costs, short shelflife and uncertain acting modes of many bioinsecticides need to be considered. In this review, we summarize current progress on bioinsecticides, which are categorized into three classes, i.e. biochemical insecticides and their derivatives, plant-incorparated protectants (PIPs), and microbial bioinsecticides. The shortcomings that prevent bioinsecticides from being widely applied are discussed, and the future research direction in the field is proposed. |
| 54. | Rösner, Janin; Tietmeyer, Johanne; Merzendorfer, Hans Functional analysis of ABCG and ABCH transporters from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Artikel Pest Management Science, 77 (6), S. 2955-2963, 2021. @article{https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6332, title = {Functional analysis of ABCG and ABCH transporters from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum}, author = {Janin Rösner and Johanne Tietmeyer and Hans Merzendorfer}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ps.6332}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6332}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-01-01}, journal = {Pest Management Science}, volume = {77}, number = {6}, pages = {2955-2963}, abstract = {Abstract BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter) subfamilies ABCA–C and ABCG–H have been implicated in insecticide detoxification, mostly based on findings of elevated gene expression in response to insecticide treatment. We previously characterized TcABCA–C genes from the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum and demonstrated that TcABCA and TcABCC genes are involved in the elimination of diflubenzuron, because RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing increased susceptibility. In this study, we focused on the potential functions of TcABCG and TcABCH genes in insecticide detoxification. RESULTS When we silenced the expression of TcABCG–H genes using RNAi, we noticed a previously unreported developmental RNAi phenotype for TcABCG-4F, which is characterized by 50% mortality and ecdysial arrest during adult moult. When we knocked down the Drosophila brown orthologue TcABCG-XC, we did not obtain apparent eye colour phenotypes but did observe a loss of riboflavin uptake by Malpighian tubules. Next, we determined the expression profiles of all TcABCG–H genes in different tissues and developmental stages and analysed transcript levels in response to treatment with four chemically unrelated insecticides. We found that some genes were specifically upregulated after insecticide treatment. However, when we determined insecticide-induced mortalities in larvae that were treated by double-stranded RNA injection to silence those TcABCG–H genes that were upregulated, we did not observe a significant increase in susceptibility to insecticides. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the observed insecticide-dependent induction of TcABCG–H gene expression reflects an unspecific stress response, and hence underlines the significance of functional studies on insecticide detoxification. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Abstract BACKGROUND ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC transporter) subfamilies ABCA–C and ABCG–H have been implicated in insecticide detoxification, mostly based on findings of elevated gene expression in response to insecticide treatment. We previously characterized TcABCA–C genes from the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum and demonstrated that TcABCA and TcABCC genes are involved in the elimination of diflubenzuron, because RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing increased susceptibility. In this study, we focused on the potential functions of TcABCG and TcABCH genes in insecticide detoxification. RESULTS When we silenced the expression of TcABCG–H genes using RNAi, we noticed a previously unreported developmental RNAi phenotype for TcABCG-4F, which is characterized by 50% mortality and ecdysial arrest during adult moult. When we knocked down the Drosophila brown orthologue TcABCG-XC, we did not obtain apparent eye colour phenotypes but did observe a loss of riboflavin uptake by Malpighian tubules. Next, we determined the expression profiles of all TcABCG–H genes in different tissues and developmental stages and analysed transcript levels in response to treatment with four chemically unrelated insecticides. We found that some genes were specifically upregulated after insecticide treatment. However, when we determined insecticide-induced mortalities in larvae that were treated by double-stranded RNA injection to silence those TcABCG–H genes that were upregulated, we did not observe a significant increase in susceptibility to insecticides. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the observed insecticide-dependent induction of TcABCG–H gene expression reflects an unspecific stress response, and hence underlines the significance of functional studies on insecticide detoxification. © 2021 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. |
| 53. | Rösner, Janin; Tietmeyer, Johanne; Merzendorfer, Hans Journal of Pest Science, 2021, ISSN: 1612-4766. @article{RN13788, title = {Organic anion-transporting polypeptides are involved in the elimination of insecticides from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum}, author = {Janin Rösner and Johanne Tietmeyer and Hans Merzendorfer}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-020-01317-4}, doi = {10.1007/s10340-020-01317-4}, issn = {1612-4766}, year = {2021}, date = {2021-01-01}, journal = {Journal of Pest Science}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2020 |
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| 52. | Rosner, J; Merzendorfer, H Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 116 , S. 103282, 2020, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN3g, title = {Transcriptional plasticity of different ABC transporter genes from Tribolium castaneum contributes to diflubenzuron resistance}, author = {J Rosner and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31740345}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103282}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {116}, pages = {103282}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 51. | Rosner, J; Wellmeyer, B; Merzendorfer, H Curr Pharm Des, 2020, ISSN: 1873-4286 (Electronic) 1381-6128 (Linking). @article{RN1_30, title = {Tribolium castaneum: a model for investigating the mode of action of insecticides and mechanisms of resistance}, author = {J Rosner and B Wellmeyer and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32400327}, doi = {10.2174/1381612826666200513113140}, issn = {1873-4286 (Electronic) 1381-6128 (Linking)}, year = {2020}, date = {2020-01-01}, journal = {Curr Pharm Des}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2019 |
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| 50. | Jiang, X; Bao, H; Merzendorfer, H; Yang, Q Immune Responses of Mammals and Plants to Chitin-Containing Pathogens Artikel Adv Exp Med Biol, 1142 , S. 61-81, 2019, ISSN: 0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking). @article{RN6, title = {Immune Responses of Mammals and Plants to Chitin-Containing Pathogens}, author = {X Jiang and H Bao and H Merzendorfer and Q Yang}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31102242}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_4}, issn = {0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking)}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Adv Exp Med Biol}, volume = {1142}, pages = {61-81}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 49. | Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H; Arakane, Y; Yang, Q Chitin Organizing and Modifying Enzymes and Proteins Involved In Remodeling of the Insect Cuticle Artikel Adv Exp Med Biol, 1142 , S. 83-114, 2019, ISSN: 0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking). @article{RN5d, title = {Chitin Organizing and Modifying Enzymes and Proteins Involved In Remodeling of the Insect Cuticle}, author = {S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer and Y Arakane and Q Yang}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31102243}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_5}, issn = {0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking)}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Adv Exp Med Biol}, volume = {1142}, pages = {83-114}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 48. | Steinfeld, L; Vafaei, A; Rosner, J; Merzendorfer, H Chitin Prevalence and Function in Bacteria, Fungi and Protists Artikel Adv Exp Med Biol, 1142 , S. 19-59, 2019, ISSN: 0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking). @article{RN4h, title = {Chitin Prevalence and Function in Bacteria, Fungi and Protists}, author = {L Steinfeld and A Vafaei and J Rosner and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31102241}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-7318-3_3}, issn = {0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking)}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Adv Exp Med Biol}, volume = {1142}, pages = {19-59}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 47. | Merzendorfer, Hans Chitosan Derivatives and Grafted Adjuncts with Unique Properties Buchkapitel Cohen, Ephraim; Merzendorfer, Hans (Hrsg.): Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices, S. 95-151, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-12919-4. @inbook{RN1h, title = {Chitosan Derivatives and Grafted Adjuncts with Unique Properties}, author = {Hans Merzendorfer}, editor = {Ephraim Cohen and Hans Merzendorfer}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_3}, isbn = {978-3-030-12919-4}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, booktitle = {Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices}, pages = {95-151}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
| 46. | Merzendorfer, Hans; Cohen, Ephraim Chitin/Chitosan: Versatile Ecological, Industrial, and Biomedical Applications Buchkapitel Cohen, Ephraim; Merzendorfer, Hans (Hrsg.): Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices, S. 541-624, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-12919-4. @inbook{RN50, title = {Chitin/Chitosan: Versatile Ecological, Industrial, and Biomedical Applications}, author = {Hans Merzendorfer and Ephraim Cohen}, editor = {Ephraim Cohen and Hans Merzendorfer}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_14}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-12919-4_14}, isbn = {978-3-030-12919-4}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, booktitle = {Extracellular Sugar-Based Biopolymers Matrices}, pages = {541-624}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
2018 |
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| 45. | Gohlke, S; Heine, D; Schmitz, H P; Merzendorfer, H Fungal Genet Biol, 117 , S. 11-20, 2018, ISSN: 1096-0937 (Electronic) 1087-1845 (Linking). @article{RN8, title = {Septin-associated protein kinase Gin4 affects localization and phosphorylation of Chs4, the regulatory subunit of the Baker's yeast chitin synthase III complex}, author = {S Gohlke and D Heine and H P Schmitz and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29763674}, doi = {10.1016/j.fgb.2018.05.002}, issn = {1096-0937 (Electronic) 1087-1845 (Linking)}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Fungal Genet Biol}, volume = {117}, pages = {11-20}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 44. | Vogt, S; Kelkenberg, M; Noll, T; Steinhoff, B; Schonherr, H; Merzendorfer, H; Noll, G Analyst, 143 (21), S. 5255-5263, 2018, ISSN: 1364-5528 (Electronic) 0003-2654 (Linking). @article{RN7, title = {Rapid determination of binding parameters of chitin binding domains using chitin-coated quartz crystal microbalance sensor chips}, author = {S Vogt and M Kelkenberg and T Noll and B Steinhoff and H Schonherr and H Merzendorfer and G Noll}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30277231}, doi = {10.1039/c8an01453a}, issn = {1364-5528 (Electronic) 0003-2654 (Linking)}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-01-01}, journal = {Analyst}, volume = {143}, number = {21}, pages = {5255-5263}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2017 |
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| 43. | Albaum, D; Broehan, G; Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 86 , S. 20-28, 2017, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN10, title = {Functional analysis of TcCTLP-5C2, a chymotrypsin-like serine protease needed for molting in Tribolium castaneum}, author = {D Albaum and G Broehan and S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28522347}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.05.002}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {86}, pages = {20-28}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 42. | Gohlke, S; Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on the Structural Organization of Chs3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Artikel Int J Mol Sci, 18 (4), 2017, ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking). @article{RN9, title = {In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on the Structural Organization of Chs3 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae}, author = {S Gohlke and S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28346351}, doi = {10.3390/ijms18040702}, issn = {1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)}, year = {2017}, date = {2017-01-01}, journal = {Int J Mol Sci}, volume = {18}, number = {4}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2016 |
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| 41. | Kanost, M R; Arrese, E L; Cao, X; Chen, Y R; Chellapilla, S; Goldsmith, M R; Grosse-Wilde, E; Heckel, D G; Herndon, N; Jiang, H; Papanicolaou, A; Qu, J; Soulages, J L; Vogel, H; Walters, J; Waterhouse, R M; Ahn, S J; Almeida, F C; An, C; Aqrawi, P; Bretschneider, A; Bryant, W B; Bucks, S; Chao, H; Chevignon, G; Christen, J M; Clarke, D F; Dittmer, N T; Ferguson, L C F; Garavelou, S; Gordon, K H J; Gunaratna, R T; Han, Y; Hauser, F; He, Y; Heidel-Fischer, H; Hirsh, A; Hu, Y; Jiang, H; Kalra, D; Klinner, C; Konig, C; Kovar, C; Kroll, A R; Kuwar, S S; Lee, S L; Lehman, R; Li, K; Li, Z; Liang, H; Lovelace, S; Lu, Z; Mansfield, J H; McCulloch, K J; Mathew, T; Morton, B; Muzny, D M; Neunemann, D; Ongeri, F; Pauchet, Y; Pu, L L; Pyrousis, I; Rao, X J; Redding, A; Roesel, C; Sanchez-Gracia, A; Schaack, S; Shukla, A; Tetreau, G; Wang, Y; Xiong, G H; Traut, W; Walsh, T K; Worley, K C; Wu, D; Wu, W; Wu, Y Q; Zhang, X; Zou, Z; Zucker, H; Briscoe, A D; Burmester, T; Clem, R J; Feyereisen, R; Grimmelikhuijzen, C J P; Hamodrakas, S J; Hansson, B S; Huguet, E; Jermiin, L S; Lan, Q; Lehman, H K; Lorenzen, M; Merzendorfer, H; Michalopoulos, I; Morton, D B; Muthukrishnan, S; Oakeshott, J G; Palmer, W; Park, Y; Passarelli, A L; others, Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 76 , S. 118-147, 2016, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN12, title = {Multifaceted biological insights from a draft genome sequence of the tobacco hornworm moth, Manduca sexta}, author = {M R Kanost and E L Arrese and X Cao and Y R Chen and S Chellapilla and M R Goldsmith and E Grosse-Wilde and D G Heckel and N Herndon and H Jiang and A Papanicolaou and J Qu and J L Soulages and H Vogel and J Walters and R M Waterhouse and S J Ahn and F C Almeida and C An and P Aqrawi and A Bretschneider and W B Bryant and S Bucks and H Chao and G Chevignon and J M Christen and D F Clarke and N T Dittmer and L C F Ferguson and S Garavelou and K H J Gordon and R T Gunaratna and Y Han and F Hauser and Y He and H Heidel-Fischer and A Hirsh and Y Hu and H Jiang and D Kalra and C Klinner and C Konig and C Kovar and A R Kroll and S S Kuwar and S L Lee and R Lehman and K Li and Z Li and H Liang and S Lovelace and Z Lu and J H Mansfield and K J McCulloch and T Mathew and B Morton and D M Muzny and D Neunemann and F Ongeri and Y Pauchet and L L Pu and I Pyrousis and X J Rao and A Redding and C Roesel and A Sanchez-Gracia and S Schaack and A Shukla and G Tetreau and Y Wang and G H Xiong and W Traut and T K Walsh and K C Worley and D Wu and W Wu and Y Q Wu and X Zhang and Z Zou and H Zucker and A D Briscoe and T Burmester and R J Clem and R Feyereisen and C J P Grimmelikhuijzen and S J Hamodrakas and B S Hansson and E Huguet and L S Jermiin and Q Lan and H K Lehman and M Lorenzen and H Merzendorfer and I Michalopoulos and D B Morton and S Muthukrishnan and J G Oakeshott and W Palmer and Y Park and A L Passarelli and others}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27522922}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.07.005}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {76}, pages = {118-147}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 40. | Zhu, K Y; Merzendorfer, H; Zhang, W; Zhang, J; Muthukrishnan, S Biosynthesis, Turnover, and Functions of Chitin in Insects Artikel Annu Rev Entomol, 61 , S. 177-96, 2016, ISSN: 1545-4487 (Electronic) 0066-4170 (Linking). @article{RN11, title = {Biosynthesis, Turnover, and Functions of Chitin in Insects}, author = {K Y Zhu and H Merzendorfer and W Zhang and J Zhang and S Muthukrishnan}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26982439}, doi = {10.1146/annurev-ento-010715-023933}, issn = {1545-4487 (Electronic) 0066-4170 (Linking)}, year = {2016}, date = {2016-01-01}, journal = {Annu Rev Entomol}, volume = {61}, pages = {177-96}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2015 |
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| 39. | Kelkenberg, M; Odman-Naresh, J; Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 56 , S. 21-8, 2015, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN13, title = {Chitin is a necessary component to maintain the barrier function of the peritrophic matrix in the insect midgut}, author = {M Kelkenberg and J Odman-Naresh and S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25449129}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.11.005}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2015}, date = {2015-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {56}, pages = {21-8}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2014 |
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| 38. | Agrawal, S; Kelkenberg, M; Begum, K; Steinfeld, L; Williams, C E; Kramer, K J; Beeman, R W; Park, Y; Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H Two essential peritrophic matrix proteins mediate matrix barrier functions in the insect midgut Artikel Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 49 , S. 24-34, 2014, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN15, title = {Two essential peritrophic matrix proteins mediate matrix barrier functions in the insect midgut}, author = {S Agrawal and M Kelkenberg and K Begum and L Steinfeld and C E Williams and K J Kramer and R W Beeman and Y Park and S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24680676}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.03.009}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {49}, pages = {24-34}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 37. | Demaeght, P; Osborne, E J; Odman-Naresh, J; Grbic, M; Nauen, R; Merzendorfer, H; Clark, R M; Leeuwen, Van T Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 51 , S. 52-61, 2014, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN14, title = {High resolution genetic mapping uncovers chitin synthase-1 as the target-site of the structurally diverse mite growth inhibitors clofentezine, hexythiazox and etoxazole in Tetranychus urticae}, author = {P Demaeght and E J Osborne and J Odman-Naresh and M Grbic and R Nauen and H Merzendorfer and R M Clark and T Van Leeuwen}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24859419}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.05.004}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {51}, pages = {52-61}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 36. | Merzendorfer, Hans Chapter One - ABC Transporters and Their Role in Protecting Insects from Pesticides and Their Metabolites Buchkapitel Cohen, Ephraim (Hrsg.): Advances in Insect Physiology, 46 , S. 1-72, Academic Press, 2014, ISBN: 0065-2806. @inbook{RN53, title = {Chapter One - ABC Transporters and Their Role in Protecting Insects from Pesticides and Their Metabolites}, author = {Hans Merzendorfer}, editor = {Ephraim Cohen}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012417010000001X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-417010-0.00001-X}, isbn = {0065-2806}, year = {2014}, date = {2014-01-01}, booktitle = {Advances in Insect Physiology}, volume = {46}, pages = {1-72}, publisher = {Academic Press}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
2013 |
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| 35. | Broehan, G; Kroeger, T; Lorenzen, M; Merzendorfer, H Functional analysis of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene family of Tribolium castaneum Artikel BMC Genomics, 14 , S. 6, 2013, ISSN: 1471-2164 (Electronic) 1471-2164 (Linking). @article{RN21, title = {Functional analysis of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene family of Tribolium castaneum}, author = {G Broehan and T Kroeger and M Lorenzen and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23324493}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2164-14-6}, issn = {1471-2164 (Electronic) 1471-2164 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {BMC Genomics}, volume = {14}, pages = {6}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 34. | Merzendorfer, H Chitin synthesis inhibitors: old molecules and new developments Artikel Insect Sci, 20 (2), S. 121-38, 2013, ISSN: 1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking). @article{RN19, title = {Chitin synthesis inhibitors: old molecules and new developments}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23955853}, doi = {10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01535.x}, issn = {1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Insect Sci}, volume = {20}, number = {2}, pages = {121-38}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 33. | Merzendorfer, H Insect-derived chitinases Artikel Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol, 136 , S. 19-50, 2013, ISSN: 0724-6145 (Print) 0724-6145 (Linking). @article{RN18, title = {Insect-derived chitinases}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23748348}, doi = {10.1007/10_2013_207}, issn = {0724-6145 (Print) 0724-6145 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol}, volume = {136}, pages = {19-50}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 32. | Merzendorfer, H A new clock for molting Artikel J Exp Biol, 216 (Pt 21), S. vi, 2013, ISSN: 1477-9145 (Electronic) 0022-0949 (Linking). @article{RN20, title = {A new clock for molting}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24298647}, doi = {10.1242/jeb.084483}, issn = {1477-9145 (Electronic) 0022-0949 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {J Exp Biol}, volume = {216}, number = {Pt 21}, pages = {vi}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 31. | Merzendorfer, H; Heinisch, J J Microcompartments within the yeast plasma membrane Artikel Biol Chem, 394 (2), S. 189-202, 2013, ISSN: 1437-4315 (Electronic) 1431-6730 (Linking). @article{RN17, title = {Microcompartments within the yeast plasma membrane}, author = {H Merzendorfer and J J Heinisch}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23096568}, doi = {10.1515/hsz-2012-0241}, issn = {1437-4315 (Electronic) 1431-6730 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {Biol Chem}, volume = {394}, number = {2}, pages = {189-202}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 30. | Odman-Naresh, J; Duevel, M; Muthukrishnan, S; Merzendorfer, H A lepidopteran-specific gene family encoding valine-rich midgut proteins Artikel PLoS One, 8 (11), S. e82015, 2013, ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking). @article{RN16, title = {A lepidopteran-specific gene family encoding valine-rich midgut proteins}, author = {J Odman-Naresh and M Duevel and S Muthukrishnan and H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24312395}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0082015}, issn = {1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)}, year = {2013}, date = {2013-01-01}, journal = {PLoS One}, volume = {8}, number = {11}, pages = {e82015}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
2012 |
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| 29. | Merzendorfer, H; Kim, H S; Chaudhari, S S; Kumari, M; Specht, C A; Butcher, S; Brown, S J; Manak, J R; Beeman, R W; Kramer, K J; Muthukrishnan, S Insect Biochem Mol Biol, 42 (4), S. 264-76, 2012, ISSN: 1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking). @article{RN23, title = {Genomic and proteomic studies on the effects of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron in the model beetle species Tribolium castaneum}, author = {H Merzendorfer and H S Kim and S S Chaudhari and M Kumari and C A Specht and S Butcher and S J Brown and J R Manak and R W Beeman and K J Kramer and S Muthukrishnan}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22212827}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.12.008}, issn = {1879-0240 (Electronic) 0965-1748 (Linking)}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, journal = {Insect Biochem Mol Biol}, volume = {42}, number = {4}, pages = {264-76}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 28. | Leeuwen, Van T; Demaeght, P; Osborne, E J; Dermauw, W; Gohlke, S; Nauen, R; Grbic, M; Tirry, L; Merzendorfer, H; Clark, R M Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 109 (12), S. 4407-12, 2012, ISSN: 1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Linking). @article{RN22, title = {Population bulk segregant mapping uncovers resistance mutations and the mode of action of a chitin synthesis inhibitor in arthropods}, author = {T Van Leeuwen and P Demaeght and E J Osborne and W Dermauw and S Gohlke and R Nauen and M Grbic and L Tirry and H Merzendorfer and R M Clark}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22393009}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.1200068109}, issn = {1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Linking)}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A}, volume = {109}, number = {12}, pages = {4407-12}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
| 27. | Merzendorfer, Hans Integument Buchkapitel Douglas, Angela E; Chapman, R F; Simpson, Stephen J (Hrsg.): The Insects: Structure and Function, S. 463-500, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 5, 2012, ISBN: 9780521113892. @inbook{RN52, title = {Integument}, author = {Hans Merzendorfer}, editor = {Angela E Douglas and R F Chapman and Stephen J Simpson}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/insects/integument/155188CA89B94B4B14EF82A65765C742}, doi = {DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139035460.022}, isbn = {9780521113892}, year = {2012}, date = {2012-01-01}, booktitle = {The Insects: Structure and Function}, pages = {463-500}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, address = {Cambridge}, edition = {5}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {inbook} } |
2011 |
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| 26. | Merzendorfer, H The cellular basis of chitin synthesis in fungi and insects: common principles and differences Artikel Eur J Cell Biol, 90 (9), S. 759-69, 2011, ISSN: 1618-1298 (Electronic) 0171-9335 (Linking). @article{RN24, title = {The cellular basis of chitin synthesis in fungi and insects: common principles and differences}, author = {H Merzendorfer}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21700357}, doi = {10.1016/j.ejcb.2011.04.014}, issn = {1618-1298 (Electronic) 0171-9335 (Linking)}, year = {2011}, date = {2011-01-01}, journal = {Eur J Cell Biol}, volume = {90}, number = {9}, pages = {759-69}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |